Physical principles underlying circuit element models. Kirchhoff's laws. Independent/dependent sources. Opamps. Linearity in circuits. Diodes and rectification. FET characteristics, biasing, small signal models, and simple amplifiers. Transients in first- and second-order circuits. CMOS-based logic gates. Circuit simulators.prereq: concurrent registration is required (or allowed) in PHYS 1302, concurrent registration is required (or allowed) in (MATH 2243 or MATH 2373 or MATH 2573)