Living conditions and daily life in Europe before the Industrial Revolution. Topics include marriage and family, life at court, nobles, peasants, disease, farming, livestock-raising, urban life, the middle classes, manufacturing, trade, piracy, witchcraft, war, crime, and social deviance.
Gopher Grades is maintained by Social Coding with data from Summer 2017 to Spring 2025 provided by the University in response to a public records request